the greater the performance level of the runner, the lower the difference in endurance between sexes. This interaction was modulated by the level of performance, i.e. The men-women ratio decreases from 1.237 (confidence interval 1.232–1.242) for a 25 km-effort to 1.031 (confidence interval 1.011–1.052) for a 260 km-effort. men's speed decreased by 4.02% (confidence interval 3.80–4.25) for every 10 km-effort increase, whereas it decreased by 3.25% (confidence interval 3.02–3.46) for women. The gap between sexes decreased as distance increases, i.e. The effect of distance on sex differences in average speed was determined using a gamma mixed model.
the same percentage of the winner time of the considered race on short races (25–45 km-effort) that were compared during longer races (45–260 km-effort). It provided information on 1,881,070 unique runners, allowing 7251 pairs of men and women with the same relative level of performance to be obtained, i.e. MethodsĪ dataset including 38,860 trail running races from 1989 to 2021 in 221 countries was used. The first two methods have caveats, and the last method has never been performed with a large dataset. if there is a sex difference in endurance, one can analyse the performance of elite runners, all participants, or one can pair women and men during short-distance events and examine the difference over longer distances. To determine whether the gap in endurance performance between men and women is reduced as distances increase, i.e.
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